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Type 97 automatic cannon
The Type 97 20-mm antitank rifle〔War Department, Japanese Army Weapons p. 170〕〔War Department TM-E 30-480 01 Oct 1944 p. 216〕 is a Japanese semi-automatic anti-tank rifle used before and during the Second World War. Adequate for the early part of its deployment, it was rendered obsolete by advancement in tank armor.
==Development==
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) had found itself in need of an effective anti-tank defence for its infantrymen during the numerous border clashes with the Red Army along the Manchurian border in the mid 1930s. Originally designed to take on the Soviet BT and T-26 tanks, the Model (Type) 97 was accepted into service in 1937 and production began in 1938 by the Kokura Arsenal. Production ceased in 1941 after 1,100 rifles had been made due to advancement in tank armor making the 20 mm round obsolete.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.forgottenweapons.com/anti-tank-riflescannon/japanese-type-97/ )〕 Due to emergency war demands, production was ordered again, and 100 rifles were built by the ''Japanese Steel Works'' in 1943 for a total production figure of approximately 1,200 rifles.〔
Sometimes referred to as an anti-tank machine (or automatic) cannon,〔War Department Japanese Army Weapons Section VIII Antitank and Infantry guns p. 170〕 it could be carried by two men in any terrain. The weapon had a semi-automatic action which gave it a high rate of fire. On the downside the recoil from the large round was very violent. The gun could be fitted with a protective shield pushing the total weight up to 68 kg (150 lb). The Ho-1 and Ho-3 automatic aircraft cannon were developed from the Type 97.
Armour penetration was 30 mm at 90° at 250 metres.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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